The way this happens is that a rogue command has made it into your workflow file and is able to read your secrets and then transmit them to a different server. This scenario is more likely an attack than an accident. ![]() An accident like this can open the door for opportunistic credential stealing 4 by someone who notices the secrets were exposed.Īlthough accidentally outputting secrets to the log is a bad situation, remote credential stealing is worse.By outputting it into the log, it’s there for anyone to see and trace back to the source. An attacker would most likely want to hide the fact that they were able to get access to your secret. This is most likely an accident rather than an attack.While the command line itself will be masked in the log, there is no accounting for the output of the command, which will output whatever is passed in. For example, suppose this is part of your workflow: steps: - name: Try to output a secret run: echo 'SECRET:$ When you access a secret as in the following workflow, the output will be masked in the log. Luckily, workflows are designed to hide secrets by default, so it’s unlikely that you’ll end up accidentally outputting the secrets in plain text. GitHub Actions tend to hide a lot of their own output for security purposes but not every command inside of a workflow is implemented with a GitHub Action. Workflow logs are displayed on each repository under the “Actions” tab and are visible to the public. These measures are a good default starting place for securing sensitive information, but that doesn’t mean this data is completely safe by default. For individuals that means you must be the owner of the repository for organizations that means you must be an administrator. Only administrators can create, modify, or delete secrets.You’ll never accidentally configure a secret to show in the log. Secrets are automatically masked from log output when GitHub Actions execute.Once a secret is created, you can never view the value inside of the GitHub interface or retrieve it using the API you can only rename the secret, change the value, or delete the secret.You can store things like API tokens or deploy keys securely and then reference them directly inside of a workflow.īy default, there are some important security features built in to GitHub secrets: You can store secrets either on a single repository or on an organization, where they can be shared across multiple repositories. ![]() GitHub, to its credit, is aware of this possibility and allows you to store sensitive information in secrets 3. Intentional - an attacker is able to insert a program into your workflow that steals credentials and sends them to the attacker.Opportunistic - sensitive information is accidentally output to the log and an attacker finds it and uses it.This credential stealing generally takes two forms: The primary risk for your workflows is credential stealing, where you provided some sensitive information inside of the workflow and somehow that information is stolen. If you are the only maintainer of a project then your risk is limited to people who steal your credentials and the other recommendations in this post aren't as necessary. In that situation, you may not always be aware of who is accessing your repository, whether that be another coworker or a collaborator you've never met. This post is aimed at those who are using GitHub organizations to manage their projects, which is to say, there is more than one maintainer. Because the workflows are executed inside a fresh virtual machine that is deleted after the workflow completes, there isn’t much risk of abuse inside of the system. To date, people use GitHub Actions to do things like run continuous integration (CI) tests, publish releases, respond to issues, and more. GitHub Actions 1 are programs designed to run inside of workflows 2, triggered by specific events inside a GitHub repository. GitHub, GitHub Actions, Tokens, Keys, Secrets, Environment Variables
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